Hauv kev txhim kho thiab kev thov cov khoom siv haus cawv, cov khoom siv ncaj qha cuam tshuam cov kev kuaj pom tseeb, ruaj khov, thiab kav ntev. Kev xaiv thiab meej cov khoom siv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj kev nkag siab txog kev ntsuas ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog tshuaj lom neeg, thiab ib puag ncig kev yoog tau.
Ua ntej, lub sensor yog cov tseem ceeb ntawm kev haus dej caw, thiab cov khoom siv ncaj qha cuam tshuam tau paub qhov kev paub zoo. Tib cov semiconductor oxide sensors (xws li sensors (xws li dhuav) tau siv dav vim lawv txoj kev xaiv siab rau cawv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov chaw muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov roj thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib kis, yuav tsum siv cov ntaub ntawv ntim ntawm corrosion (xws li ceramic subtrates) kom txuas ntxiv lawv lub neej pabcuam. Electrochemical sensors cia siab rau cov khoom siv hlau hluav taws xob (xws li platinum thiab kub). Cov ntaub ntawv no tau siv cov dej cawv oxidation, tab sis yog tus nqi ntau, yuav tsum tau ua kom cov nqi txo thaum tswj hwm ruaj khov.
Thib ob, cov khoom ntawm cov qauv ntsuas yuav tsum sib npaug roj permeability thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam. Feem ntau cov polymers (xws li PTFE) feem ntau siv los lim impurities, tiv thaiv cov hmoov av lossis noo noo los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig. Optey pob tshab Quarterz iav yog feem ntau siv los ua cov khoom siv roj av vim tias muaj cawv, ua rau nws muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv infrared spectroscopy. Ib qho ntxiv, cov khoom siv vaj tse yuav tsum tau ua kom pom qhov chaw nres nkoj thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Engineering plastics (xws li Abs lossis PC) yog qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb vim lawv lub teeb pom kev zoo, cuam tshuam, thiab tus nqi tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig heev (xws li huab cua sov lossis muaj zog acid thiab alkali cov ntaub ntawv), cov ntaub ntawv hlau xws li cov khoom siv hlau lossis cov khoom siv hlau tuaj yeem zoo ua kom muaj kev cia siab.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov ntaub ntawv xaiv rau kev pom dej caw yuav tsum yog ua raws cov cai tau txais, ntsuas ntsuas thiab raug nqi. Los ntawm cov khoom siv science kev txhim kho, tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem txhim kho, muab cov kev txhawb nqa muaj tseeb thiab txhim khu kev ua haujlwm kev nyab xeeb thiab kev kho mob.