Kev sim tshuaj txiav tawm yog siv dav hauv cov liaj teb xws li cov tub ceev xwm tsheb, kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb, thiab kev kuaj mob. Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm kev haus dej cawv (ethanol) hauv ib tus neeg ua pa tawm lossis dej hauv lub cev. Cov cuab yeej ntsuas dej cawv tam sim no feem ntau yog raws li cov tshuaj oxidation, sensored sensor technology, infrared spectroscopy, thiab roj cell cov ntsiab lus. Cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv ntau hauv lawv cov kev kuaj cov txheej txheem thiab cov kev piav qhia tau zoo.
Tshuaj lom neeg oxidation (Colorimetry)
Tshuaj lom neeg oxidation yog cov thev naus laus zis thaum ntxov, raws li kev txo cov khoom ntawm ethanol. Cov cuab yeej siv, xws li "cov pa roj ntsha" lossis "Colorimetric Reachent leeg," Yuav tsum tau tus tester kom tshuab ua ib qho khoom uas muaj cov tshuaj reagent tshwj xeeb. Lub ethanol reacts nrog lub reagent nyob rau hauv redox cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ua rau muaj kev hloov xim. Piv txwv li, Potassium Dichromate (K₂CRROMATE (K₂CRROMATE) yog txo los ntawm ethanol hauv ib puag ncig acidic rau strunicent chromium ions (crining). Cov xim siv xim yog sib npaug rau cov ethanol concentration thiab tuaj yeem siv tau ntau daim ntawv qhia xim lossis duab hluav taws xob. Hom no yog yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm thiab pheej yig, tab sis nws yog qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw huab cua sov, cov av noo, thiab yog feem ntau siv rau kev kuaj ua ntej.
Tshuab SeConicductor Technology
Cov dej cawv siciconductors siv cov rhiab ntawm cov hlau oxides (xws li cov yas dioxide (snoo₂)) rau ethanol roj. Thaum Ethanol Molecules adsorb mus rau hauv lub semiconductor nto, lawv cov kev hloov pauv. Cov txheej txheem oxidation tso tawm hluav taws xob, ua rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kom tsawg dua. Qhov ntau ntawm cov kev hloov pauv no yog cuam tshuam nrog Ethanol siab. Hom sensor no muaj cov lus teb nrawm dua (feem ntau paub tau hais tawm hauv vib nas this), yog qhov tsim nyog, thiab yog tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv txawb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov ruaj khov yog tsis zoo, thiab nws yog qhov ntxim rau kub hloov pauv thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hauv paus organic (vocs). Ntev -} siv yuav tsum muaj calibration tsis tu ncua, thiab nws yog feem ntau qis dua ntawm kev tshaj lij.
Infrared spectroscopy (ir spectroscopy)
Infrared spectroscopy yog ib qho kev lees paub siab - precision txoj kev hauv cov cai tshuaj thiab tub ceev xwm kev tub ceev xwm. Nws tso siab rau cov yam ntxwv nqus ntawm infrared teeb ntawm tshwj xeeb yoj los ntawm ethanol lwg me me. Ethanol's C-H, O-H, and C-O bonds exhibit distinct absorption peaks in the near-infrared and mid-infrared bands (eg, around 2.9μm, 3.4μm, and 9.5μm). Los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov ua kom pom kev nqus ntawm cov waveled mauv thiab thov cov lambert - Npias txoj cai lij choj tuaj yeem suav tau. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometers (Ftir) lossis tsis yog organic confounds (xws li cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm lwm cov organcol thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo tuaj yeem siv tau raws li cov pov thawj raws cai. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv no yog qhov loj thiab lub zog - kev xav tau ntawm cov tub ceev xwm lossis chaw ua hauj lwm.
Roj Cell Ntsiab
Roj cell -} Raws li cov kab muaj dej haus cawv tam sim no cov kev daws teeb meem tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv tsis zoo. Lawv txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm yog nyob ntawm cov hluav taws xob electrochemical oxidation. Lub sensor muaj ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntxeem tau (anode thiab cathode) thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib pauv. Thaum ethanol hauv kev ua pa ua paug rau lub anode, nws yog oxidized los ntawm catasinum) rau acatinum) rau cov tshuab acceticst (h⁺), tso cov hluav taws xob ua kom tsim hluav taws xob. Cov hluav taws xob ntws ntws los ntawm kev sib tw sab nraud rau cathode, uas cov protons cross daim nyias nyias thiab sib txuas nrog oxygen los ua dej. Kev siv tam sim no yog sib npaug rau cov ethanol concentration, thiab ntsuas tus nqi tam sim no tso cai rau kev muab cov ntsiab lus muaj tseeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus dej cawv. Cov thev naus laus zis no muaj cov siab rhiab (nrhiav kom tsis pub dhau mus rau 0.01 mg / l), ntau txoj kev tiv thaiv ntau yam, thiab tiv thaiv cov roj cua ntau tshaj plaws. It is widely used in vehicle alcohol locks (Ignition Interlock) and high-end handheld detectors.
Tshuab sib piv thiab cov xwm txheej thov kev xaiv
Kev ntsuas cov ntsiab lus sib txawv raws li cov ntsiab lus sib txawv, thiab cov kev ntsuas tshuaj lom neeg: Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm tau muaj tseeb txhua hnub no Hauv kev siv cov tswv yim, cov tub ceev xwm siv ib qho dua tshiab- Txoj Kev Xeem Ntawv: "Kev Ntsuas Roj Sib Tw" Kom ntseeg tau tias yuav tsum tau ua tau zoo. Txawm li saib xyuas kev kho mob lossis kev saib xyuas kev lag luam, txawm li cas los xij, yuav nyiam roj cell lossis semiconductor pab kiag li lawm rau lawv qhov chaw nres nkoj thiab raug.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm microelectromecelyanical system (memoralys Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, mult -} sensor fusion yuav ntxiv txo tus nqi ntsug thiab txhim kho cov chaw ruaj khov hauv ib puag ncig.